WSL startup and port forwarding

Create a task to run this batch at the Windows system startup

 wsl_ssh_port_forward.bat

FT232H + Adafruit Blinka + 0.19 inch OLED (SSD1306) on Windows 11

 FT232H + Adafruit Blinka on Windows 11

Windows Ver.24H2, OS Build 26.100.3915
Python 3.10.7

Download Zadig from its page: https://zadig.akeo.ie/

Plug FT232H board to Windows

Open Zadig and reinstall the driver for FT232H, follow the instructions in this page:
https://learn.adafruit.com/circuitpython-on-any-computer-with-ft232h/windows

Make sure selecting the correct device then select "libusbK", then click on "Replace Driver"

• Driver: FTDIBUS (...)
• USB ID: 0403 6014

Before & After replace the driver:

• libusbK USB Devices should appear in the Device Manager

Create python virtual env then activate python virtual env

% mkdir ws_py && cd ws_py
% python -m venv .venv
% .venv\Scripts\activate.bat

Install additional libraries to check if FT232H can be recognized

% pip3 install pyusb
% pip3 install pyftdi

Then try to run this code to show the device information

>>> import usb
>>> import usb.util
>>> dev = usb.core.find(idVendor=0x0403, idProduct=0x6014)
>>> print(dev)

Now we can try to use this with the 0.91 inch OLED SSD1306 by executing the following steps

(.venv) % pip install Pillow
(.venv) % pip install adafruit-circuitpython-ssd1306
(.venv) % pip install adafruit-blinka

(.venv) % git clone https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_SSD1306.git
(.venv) % cd Adafruit_CircuitPython_SSD1306\examples
(.venv) % set BLINKA_FT232H=1 → Always need this ENV when using FT232H（!!!）
(.venv) % python ssd1306_simpletest.py

Now we should see something drawn on the tiny display

Done.

Raspberry Pi Zero 2W + 0.91 inch OLED (SSD1306)

Playing with this cheap OLED display:

Size: 0.91 inch

Resolution: 128 x 32 pixels

Interface: I2C

Operating voltage: 3.3 V~5V
 

Update the system once:

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade -y

$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Debian
Description: Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm)
Release: 12
Codename: bookworm

$ uname -a
Linux pizero2w 6.12.25+rpt-rpi-v8 #1 SMP PREEMPT Debian 1:6.12.25-1+rpt1 (2025-04-30) aarch64 GNU/Linux

Setup I2C for Raspi

$ sudo raspi-config → then enable I2C communication from "Interface Options" menu

$ sudo reboot

Install I2C utilities

$ sudo apt install i2c-tools

Connect the display to raspi

Display GND →  Raspi GND pin no.5

Display VCC →  Raspi 3V pin no.1

Display SDA  →  Raspi pin no.2

Display SCK  →  Raspi pin no.3

Check if Raspi can detect the display 

$ i2cdetect -y 1 → this command should show "0x3C" address

Install the following packages for python environment:

$ sudo apt install python3-pip
$ sudo apt install python3-venv

Create python virtual environment

$ mkdir $HOME/ws_py
$ cd $HOME/ws_py && python -m venv .venv

Activate python virtual environment (current working directory is $HOME/ws_py)

$ . .venv/bin/activate
(.venv) ~/ws_py $

After python virtual environment is activated, install python packages using pip

$ pip install Pillow

$ pip install RPi.GPIO

$ pip install adafruit-circuitpython-ssd1306

$ pip install adafruit-blinka

Check if the display is working properly using example code from Adafruit

$ cd $HOME/ws_py

$ git clone https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_SSD1306.git

$ cd examples

$ python ssd1306_stats.py

The display should show the IP address, CPU, memory and disk info of the raspberry pi after this step

Selenium on nethunter (pixel)

Make sure firefox is installed

$ firefox -V
Mozilla Firefox 115.5.0esr

Download geckodriver

$ wget https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases/download/v0.34.0/geckodriver-v0.34.0-linux-aarch64.tar.gz
$ tar xzvf geckodriver-v0.34.0-linux-aarch64.tar.gz

After this step "geckodriver" should be there

$ ./geckodriver -V
geckodriver 0.34.0 (c44f0d09630a 2024-01-02 15:36 +0000)
The source code of this program is available from testing/geckodriver in https://hg.mozilla.org/mozilla-central.
This program is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License 2.0. You can obtain a copy of the license
at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/

Install 'selenium'

$ pip3 install selenium

Test code

import os
import sys
import logging
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.service import Service


THIS_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
DRIVER = os.path.join(THIS_DIR, "geckodriver-v0.34.0-linux-aarch64", "geckodriver")

if not os.path.exists(DRIVER):
    print("Cannot find 'geckodriver'")
    sys.exit(1)


def main():
    print("Downloading web page...")

    s = Service(executable_path=DRIVER)

    options = webdriver.FirefoxOptions()
    options.add_argument("--headless")

    driver = webdriver.Firefox(service=s, options=options)
    
    driver.get("https://www.google.com")
    driver.save_screenshot("screenshot.png")

    print("Please check screenshot image")
    driver.quit()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

After run this code "screenshot.png" should be generated

To show "screenshot.png" image in RLogin

$ sudo apt install libsixel-bin
$ img2sixel screenshot.png

Done.

How to fix error: No module named 'apt_pkg' on Ubuntu 18.04

 Ubuntu 18.04 has python3.6.x installed but after install python3.8 and used "update-alternatives" to change the default python3 to python3.8, got the following error when running unknown command on the terminal

$ dummyyycommand  
    from CommandNotFound import CommandNotFound
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/CommandNotFound/CommandNotFound.py", line 19, in
    from CommandNotFound.db.db import SqliteDatabase
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/CommandNotFound/db/db.py", line 5, in
    import apt_pkg
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'apt_pkg'

This is caused because python3.8 cannot load "apt_pkg.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so"

$ cd /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages; ls -al | grep apt
drwxr-xr-x   4 root root   4096 Mar  3 22:23 apt
drwxr-xr-x   4 root root   4096 Jun  1  2021 aptdaemon
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  51576 Dec  1  2022 apt_inst.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
-rw-r--r--   1 root root    227 Dec  1  2022 apt_inst.pyi
-rw-r--r--   1 root root 346784 Dec  1  2022 apt_pkg.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
-rw-r--r--   1 root root   8900 Dec  1  2022 apt_pkg.pyi
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root   4096 Mar  3 22:23 aptsources
-rw-r--r--   1 root root    226 Dec  1  2022 python_apt-1.6.6.egg-info

To fix this issue:

To fix this issue just create a link named 'apt_pkg.so' points to "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apt_pkg.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so"

$ cd /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages
$ sudo ln -s apt_pkg.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so  apt_pkg.so